Ye Must Be Born Again Hymn

American patriotic song written by Julia Ward Howe

"Battle Hymn of the Republic"

Cover of the 1863 canvas music for the "Battle Hymn of the Democracy"
Lyrics	Julia Ward Howe, 1861
Music	William Steffe, 1856; bundled past James East. Greenleaf, C. S. Hall, and C. B. Marsh, 1861
Audio sample
"The Battle Hymn of the Republic" equally performed by the Us Air Force Band file help

The "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth", as well known equally "Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory" outside of the Usa, is a popular American patriotic song by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe.

Howe wrote her lyrics to the music of the song "John Brown's Body" in November 1861 and first published them in The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of the historic period (through allusions to biblical passages such equally Isaiah 63:i–half-dozen and Revelation 14:14–19) with the American Ceremonious State of war.

History [edit]

Oh! Brothers [edit]

The "Glory, Hallelujah" tune was a folk hymn adult in the oral hymn tradition of camp meetings in the southern United states and kickoff documented in the early 1800s. In the first known version, "Canaan's Happy Shore," the text includes the verse "Oh! Brothers will you meet me (3×)/On Canaan's happy shore?"^{[1] : 21} and chorus "There we'll shout and give Him glory (3×)/For glory is His own."^[ii] This developed into the familiar "Celebrity, glory, hallelujah" chorus by the 1850s. The tune and variants of these words spread across both the southern and northern United States.^[3]

As the "John Chocolate-brown's Body" vocal [edit]

At a flag-raising ceremony at Fort Warren, near Boston, Massachusetts, on Sunday, May 12, 1861, the song "John Brown's Body", using the well known "Oh! Brothers" melody and the "Glory, Hallelujah" chorus, was publicly played "peradventure for the commencement time". The American Civil State of war had begun the previous month.

In 1890, George Kimball wrote his account of how the 2nd Infantry Battalion of the Massachusetts militia, known every bit the "Tiger" Battalion, collectively worked out the lyrics to "John Brown's Body." Kimball wrote:

We had a jovial Scotchman in the battalion, named John Chocolate-brown. ... [A]nd as he happened to bear the identical name of the old hero of Harper'south Ferry, he became at in one case the butt of his comrades. If he made his appearance a few minutes tardily amongst the working squad, or was a little tardy in falling into the company line, he was sure to be greeted with such expressions as "Come, former swain, y'all ought to be at information technology if you are going to assistance us complimentary the slaves," or, "This can't be John Brown—why, John Brown is dead." Then some wag would add, in a solemn, drawling tone, equally if it were his purpose to give particular emphasis to the fact that John Brown was really, really dead: "Yes, yes, poor onetime John Chocolate-brown is dead; his body lies mouldering in the grave."^[4]

According to Kimball, these sayings became by-words amidst the soldiers and, in a communal try — like in many ways to the spontaneous composition of camp meeting songs described higher up — were gradually put to the tune of "Say, Brothers":

Finally ditties equanimous of the well-nigh nonsensical, doggerel rhymes, setting for the fact that John Brown was expressionless and that his trunk was undergoing the procedure of decomposition, began to be sung to the music of the hymn higher up given. These ditties underwent various ramifications, until eventually the lines were reached,—

"John Brown's trunk lies a-mouldering in the grave,
His soul's marching on."

And,—

"He'south gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord,
His soul's marching on."

These lines seemed to give full general satisfaction, the idea that Dark-brown's soul was "marching on" receiving recognition at once as having a germ of inspiration in information technology. They were sung over and over again with a keen deal of gusto, the "Glory, hallelujah" chorus being always added.^[4]

Some leaders of the battalion, feeling the words were coarse and irreverent, tried to urge the adoption of more fitting lyrics, merely to no avail. The lyrics were shortly prepared for publication by members of the battalion, together with publisher C. Southward. Hall. They selected and polished verses they felt appropriate, and may fifty-fifty take enlisted the services of a local poet to assistance polish and create verses.^[5]

The official histories of the old First Arms and of the 55th Arms (1918) besides record the Tiger Battalion'due south role in creating the John Brownish Song, confirming the full general thrust of Kimball'due south version with a few additional details.^{[half dozen] [7]}

Creation of the "Battle Hymn" [edit]

Kimball's battalion was dispatched to Murray, Kentucky, early in the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe heard this song during a public review of the troops outside Washington, D.C., on Upton Loma, Virginia. Rufus R. Dawes, then in command of Company "K" of the sixth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, stated in his memoirs that the homo who started the singing was Sergeant John Ticknor of his company. Howe's companion at the review, the Reverend James Freeman Clarke,^[8] suggested to Howe that she write new words for the fighting men'southward vocal. Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the nighttime of Nov 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the "Boxing Hymn of the Republic."^[9] Of the writing of the lyrics, Howe remembered:

I went to bed that night as usual, and slept, according to my wont, quite soundly. I awoke in the grey of the forenoon twilight; and as I lay waiting for the dawn, the long lines of the desired poem began to twine themselves in my mind. Having thought out all the stanzas, I said to myself, "I must go up and write these verses down, lest I autumn asleep again and forget them." So, with a sudden effort, I sprang out of bed, and constitute in the dimness an former stump of a pencil which I remembered to accept used the solar day earlier. I scrawled the verses nigh without looking at the paper.^[x]

Howe'due south "Battle Hymn of the Republic" was first published on the front page of The Atlantic Monthly of February 1862. The sixth verse written past Howe, which is less commonly sung, was not published at that fourth dimension. The song was also published as a broadside in 1863 past the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments in Philadelphia.

Both "John Chocolate-brown" and "Battle Hymn of the Republic" were published in Male parent Kemp's Old Folks Concert Tunes in 1874 and reprinted in 1889. Both songs had the same Chorus with an additional "Glory" in the second line: "Celebrity! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!"^[11]

Julia Ward Howe was married to Samuel Gridley Howe, the famed scholar in education of the blind. Samuel and Julia were also active leaders in anti-slavery politics and strong supporters of the Union. Samuel Howe was a member of the Underground Vi, the group who funded John Brown'due south piece of work.^[12]

Score [edit]

"Canaan'due south Happy Shore" has a verse and chorus of equal metrical length and both verse and chorus share an identical melody and rhythm. "John Brown's Body" has more syllables in its poetry and uses a more rhythmically agile variation of the "Canaan" melody to arrange the additional words in the verse. In Howe'southward lyrics, the words of the verse are packed into a withal longer line, with even more syllables than "John Brown's Body." The poetry still uses the same underlying melody as the refrain, but the improver of many dotted rhythms to the underlying melody allows for the more complex verse to fit the same melody as the comparatively short refrain.

1 version of the melody, in C major, begins every bit beneath. This is an example of the mediant-octave modal frame.

Lyrics [edit]

Howe submitted the lyrics she wrote to The Atlantic Monthly, and it was showtime published in the February 1862 issue of the magazine.^{[13] [xiv]}

First published version [edit]

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling camps,
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps:
His day is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I take read a fiery gospel writ in burnished rows of steel:
"As ye bargain with my contemners, so with yous my grace shall bargain";
Let the Hero, born of adult female, beat the serpent with his heel,
Since God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

He has sounded along the trumpet that shall never phone call retreat;
He is sifting out the hearts of men earlier His judgment-seat;
Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! Be celebrating, my feet!
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

In the dazzler of the lilies Christ was born beyond the sea,
With a celebrity in His bust that transfigures you and me.
As He died to make men holy, let united states die to make men free,^[15]
While God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

* Many mod recordings of the "Boxing Hymn of the Republic" use the lyric "As He died to make men holy, let us live to brand men free" as opposed to the wartime lyric originally written past Julia Ward Howe: "let united states die to make men free."^[16]

Other versions [edit]

Howe'southward original manuscript differed slightly from the published version. Most significantly, information technology included a final verse:

He is coming like the glory of the morning on the wave,
He is Wisdom to the mighty, He is Succour to the brave,
So the world shall be His footstool, and the soul of Time His slave,
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on!

In the 1862 sheet music, the chorus always begins:

Glory! Celebrity! Hallelujah!
Celebrity! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!
Celebrity! Celebrity! Hallelujah!"^[17]

Recordings and public performances [edit]

• The song is played by a United states of america Army marching band in the 1951 movie The Tall Target shortly afterwards a plot to assassinate President-elect Abraham Lincoln in Apr 1861, is foiled. This was several months earlier the vocal was really composed.
• In 1953, Marian Anderson sang the song before a live television audience of 60 million persons, broadcast live over the NBC and CBS networks, equally function of The Ford 50th Ceremony Show.
• In 1960 the Mormon Tabernacle Choir won the Grammy Accolade for Best Operation by a Vocal Grouping or Chorus. The 45 rpm single record, which was arranged and edited by Columbia Records and Cleveland disk jockey Bill Randle, was a commercial success and reached #thirteen on Billboard's Hot 100 the previous autumn. It is the choir's just Top xl hit in the Hot 100.^[18]
• Information technology's included along with her performance of "We Shall Overcome" on Joan Baez in Concert, Part two, live material recorded during Joan Baez' concert tours of early 1963.
• Judy Garland performed this song on her weekly television testify in December 1963. She originally wanted to practise a dedication prove for President John F. Kennedy upon his bump-off, but CBS would not permit her, so she performed the vocal without beingness able to mention his name.^[19]
• At Winston Churchill'southward funeral January thirty, 1965. Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth".
• Andy Williams experienced commercial success in 1968 with an a cappella version recorded at Senator Robert Kennedy's funeral. Backed past the St. Charles Borromeo choir, his version reached #11 on the developed contemporary chart and #33 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[twenty]
• In the movie Kelly's Heroes, Oddball is playing it (in the pelting) equally his tanks meet upward with Kelly and the residuum of the troops.
• Anita Bryant performed it January 17, 1971, at the halftime show of Super Bowl V.
• Mormon Tabernacle Choir performed this song at the inaugural parade of President Ronald Reagan on Jan 20, 1981.
• The song is one of the three American songs included in "An American Trilogy", a 1971 song medley written and performed past country composer Mickey Newbury. Newbury'south song was popularized past Elvis Presley, who included it every bit a showstopper in his concerts. Presley recorded and issued "An American Trilogy" several times.
• The song is included on the Existent Ale and Thunder Band's album At Vespers, recorded at St. Laurence's Parish Church, Downton by BBC Radio Solent, 18 November 1984.
• Stryper recorded this song on their 1985 album Soldiers Nether Command.
• Information technology was performed in St. Paul's Cathedral on September 14, 2001, as role of a memorial service for those lost in the September 11, 2001 attacks.^[21]
• The Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir also sang this song at President Barack Obama's 2d Presidential Inauguration Ceremony on Jan 21, 2013.
• The Mother Bethel AME Church Choir from Philadelphia performed this song during the opening day of the Democratic National Convention on July 25, 2016.^[22]
• A U.South. military choir and ring performed this song at the pre-inauguration ceremony of President-Elect Donald Trump on Jan nineteen, 2017, at the Lincoln Memorial.
• The Naval Academy Glee Guild performed this song on September 1, 2018, at the funeral of Sen. John McCain at the Washington National Cathedral.
• A cover for the 2020 video game Wasteland 3 performed by Joshua James was used during a fundamental fight section and in the official launch trailer.

Influence [edit]

Popularity and widespread apply [edit]

In the years since the Civil War, "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" has been used frequently as an American patriotic vocal.^[23]

Cultural influences [edit]

The lyrics of "Battle Hymn of the Democracy" appear in Dr. Martin Luther Rex Jr.'southward sermons and speeches, nearly notably in his voice communication "How Long, Not Long" from the steps of the Alabama Land Capitol building on March 25, 1965, after the successful Selma to Montgomery march, and in his final sermon "I've Been to the Mountaintop", delivered in Memphis, Tennessee on the evening of April 3, 1968, the night before his assassination. In fact, the latter sermon, King'south concluding public words, ends with the beginning lyrics of the "Boxing Hymn": "Mine optics accept seen the glory of the coming of the Lord."

Bishop Michael B. Back-scratch of Northward Carolina, after his election as the first African American Presiding Bishop of The Episcopal Church building, delivered a sermon to the Church'due south General Convention on July 3, 2015, in which the lyrics of the "Battle Hymn" framed the message of God's love. Later proclaiming "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah, His truth is marching on", a alphabetic character from President Barack Obama was read, congratulating Bishop Back-scratch on his historic election.^[24] Curry is known for quoting the "Battle Hymn" during his sermons.

The inscription "Mine eyes take seen the glory of the coming of the Lord" is written at the feet of the sculpture of the fallen soldier at the American Cemetery in Normandy, France.

The tune has played a role in many movies where patriotic music has been required, including the 1970 Earth War II state of war comedy Kelly's Heroes, and the 1999 sci-fi western Wild Wild West. Words from the beginning verse gave John Steinbeck's wife Ballad Steinbeck the title of his 1939 masterpiece The Grapes of Wrath.^[25] The title of John Updike's In the Beauty of the Lilies also came from this song, every bit did Terrible Swift Sword and Never Phone call Retreat, two volumes in Bruce Catton's Centennial History of the Civil War. Terrible Swift Sword is too the name of a lath wargame simulating the Boxing of Gettysburg.^[26] The vocal was used in the anime Girls und Panzer as the tune used when members of the American-inspired fictional Saunders Academy High School are seen moving in their various M4 Sherman variants.

Words from the second last line of the concluding verse are paraphrased in Leonard Cohen's song "Steer Your Manner".^[27] Information technology was originally published as a poem in the New Yorker mag.^[28] "As He died to make men holy, let united states of america dice to make men free" becomes "Every bit He died to make men holy, let united states die to brand things cheap".

In association with football (soccer) [edit]

The refrain "Glory, glory, hallelujah!" has been adopted by fans of a number of sporting teams, most notably in the English and Scottish Premier Leagues. The popular apply of the tune by Tottenham Hotspur tin be traced to September 1961 during the 1961–62 European Cup. Their first opponents in the competition were the Polish side Górnik Zabrze, and the Polish press described the Spurs team every bit "no angels" due to their rough tackling. In the return leg at White Hart Lane, some fans and then wore angel costumes at the friction match holding placards with slogans such as "Celebrity exist to shining White Hart Lane", and the crowded started singing the refrain "Glory, glory, hallelujah" equally Spurs beat the Poles 8–1, starting the tradition at Tottenham.^[29] It was released as the B-side to "Ozzie'due south Dream" for the 1981 Cup Terminal.

The theme was then picked up by Hibernian, with Hector Nicol's release of the rails "Glory, glory to the Hibees" in 1963.^{[xxx] [31]} "Glory, Celebrity Leeds United" was a popular chant during Leeds' 1970 FA Loving cup run. Manchester United fans picked information technology upwardly as "Glory, Glory Human United" during the 1983 FA Loving cup Final. As a result of its popularity with these and other British teams, it has spread internationally and to other sporting codes. An example of its reach is its popularity with fans of the Australian Rugby League team, the South Sydney Rabbitohs (Glory, Glory to Due south Sydney) and to A-League team Perth Celebrity. Brighton fans celebrate their 1970s legend by singing "Mine optics have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord, he played for Brighton and Hove Albion and his proper name is Peter Ward, etc."

Other songs set to this tune [edit]

Some songs brand utilise of both the melody and elements of the lyrics of "Boxing Hymn of the Republic", either in tribute or as a parody:

• "Marching Song of the Commencement Arkansas" is a Ceremonious War–era song that has a similar lyrical structure to "Boxing Hymn of the Democracy". It has been described as "a powerful early on argument of blackness pride, militancy, and desire for full equality, revealing the aspirations of black soldiers for Reconstruction also as anticipating the spirit of the ceremonious rights movement of the 1960s".^[32]
• The tune has been used with culling lyrics numerous times. The University of Georgia's rally song, "Celebrity Glory to Old Georgia", is based on the patriotic melody, and has been sung at American college football games since 1909. Other college teams also use songs set to the same tune. 1 such is "Celebrity, Glory to Old Auburn" at Auburn University. Some other is "Celebrity Colorado", traditionally played by the band and sung after touchdowns scored past the Colorado Buffaloes. "Glory Colorado" has been a fight song at the University of Colorado (Boulder) for more than ane hundred years.
• In 1901 Mark Twain wrote "The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated", with the same tune as the original, every bit a annotate on the Philippine–American State of war. It was later recorded by the Chad Mitchell Trio.
• "The Called-for of the School" is a well-known parody of the song.^[33]
• The United States Army paratrooper song, "Claret on the Risers", first sung in Globe War II, includes the lyrics "Gory, gory" in the lyrics, based on the original's "Glory, glory".
• A number of terrace songs (in association football) are sung to the tune in Britain. Most frequently, fans dirge "Glory, Glory..." plus their team's name: the chants have been recorded and released officially as songs by Hibernian, Tottenham, Leeds United and Manchester United. The 1994 Earth Cup official song "Gloryland" interpreted past Daryl Hall and the Sounds of Blackness has the melody of "Boxing Hymn of the Republic".^[34] In Argentina the St. Alban's former Pupils Assn (Old Philomathian Guild) used the tune for its "Glory Glory Philomathians" likewise. While non heard ofttimes nowadays it is still a cherished song for the Erstwhile Philomathians.
• In Australia, the most famous version of the song is used past the S Sydney Rabbitohs, an Australian rugby league gild – "Glory Glory to S Sydney". The song mentions all the teams in the competition when the song was written, and says what Souths did to them when they played. Each verse ends with, "They article of clothing the Red and Green".^[35]
• The parody vocal "Jesus Tin can't Play Rugby", popular at informal sporting events, uses the traditional melody under improvised lyrics. Performances typically feature a call-and-response construction, wherein one performer proposes an agreeable reason why Jesus Christ might be disqualified from playing rugby—due east.one thousand. "Jesus can't play rugby 'cause his dad volition rig the game"—which is then repeated dorsum past other participants (mirroring the repetitive structure of "John Dark-brown's Body"), earlier ending with the tongue-in-cheek proclamation "Jesus saves, Jesus saves, Jesus saves". A chorus may feature the repeated call of "Gratis beer for all the ruggers", or, after concluding the terminal poesy, "Jesus, we're only kidding".^[36]
• A protestation song titled "Gloria, Gloria Labandera" (lit. "Gloria the Laundrywoman") was used by supporters of former Philippine president Joseph Estrada to mock Gloria Macapagal Arroyo subsequently the latter assumed the presidency following Estrada's ouster from office, farther deriving the "labandera" parallels to alleged money laundering.^[37] While Arroyo did not mind the nickname and went on to use information technology for her projects, the Catholic Church took umbrage to the parody lyrics and called it "obscene".^[38]

Other songs simply use the melody, i.east. the melody of "John Brown'south Body", with no lyrical connexion to "The Boxing Hymn of the Commonwealth":

• "Solidarity Forever", a marching vocal for organized labor in the 20th century.^[39]
• The anthem of the American consumers' cooperative movement, "The Battle Hymn of Cooperation", written in 1932.
• The tune has been used as a marching vocal in the Finnish military with the words "Kalle-Kustaan muori makaa hiljaa haudassaan, ja yli haudan me marssimme näin " ("Carl Gustaf'south hag lies silently in her grave, and we're marching over the grave like this").^[40]
• The Finnish Ice Hockey fans can be heard singing the melody with the lyrics "Suomi tekee kohta maalin, eikä kukaan sille mitään voi" ("Finland volition soon score, and no one tin do anything about it").^[41]
• The Estonian song "Kalle Kusta" uses the melody too.
• The pop folk dance "Gólya" ("Stork"), known in several Hungarian-speaking communities in Transylvania (Romania), as well as in Republic of hungary proper, is gear up to the aforementioned melody. The same dance is establish amongst the Csángós of Moldavia with a dissimilar tune, nether the proper noun "Hojna"; with the Moldavian tune more often than not considered original, and the "Battle Hymn" melody a subsequently adaptation.^{[ citation needed ]}
• The melody is used in British nursery rhyme "Lilliputian Peter Rabbit".^[42]
• The melody is used in French Canadian Christmas carol called "Glory, Alleluia", covered by Celine Dion and others.^[43]
• The melody is used in the marching song of the Assam Regiment of the Indian Army: "Badluram ka Badan", or "Badluram'southward Body", its chorus being "Shabash Hallelujah" instead of "Celebrity Hallelujah". The give-and-take "Shabash" in Hindustani means "congratulations" or "well done".
• The song "Belfast Brigade" using alternate lyrics is sung past the Lucky4 in support of the Irish Republican Army.
• The song "Up Went Nelson", jubilant the destruction of Nelson'southward Pillar in Dublin, is sung to this tune.
• The Discordian Handbook Principia Discordia has a version of the song called Battle Hymn of the Eristocracy.^[44] It has been recorded for example by Aarni.^[45]
• The Subiaco Football Club, in the West Australian Football League, uses the song for their squad vocal. Also, the Casey Demons in the Victorian Football League also currently use the song. The words take been adjusted due to the song mainly being written during the menstruation of fourth dimension they were called the Casey Scorpions and the Springvale Football Club. As well as these two clubs, the Due west Torrens Football Social club used the song until 1990, when their successor lodge, Woodville-W Torrens, currently utilise this song in the South Australian National Football game League.
• The Brisbane Bears, before they merged with the Fitzroy Football game Guild, used the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" in experiment mode before eventually scrapping it in favour of the original song.
• The tune is used in the well-known Dutch children'due south song "Lief klein konijntje". The vocal is about a cute little rabbit that has a wing on his nose.
• The melody is used as the theme for the Japanese electronics chain Yodobashi Photographic camera.
• The melody is used equally a nursery rhyme in Japan equally ともだち讃歌 ("Tomodachi Sanka").
• The tune has been used as a fight song in Queen's University, named "Oil Thigh".^[46]

Other settings of the text [edit]

Irish composer Ina Boyle set the text for solo soprano, mixed choir and orchestra; she completed her version in 1918.^[47]

Come across also [edit]

• "Battle Cry of Freedom"
• "Belfast Brigade"
• "Claret on the Risers"
• Children's street culture
• "Glory, Glory" (Georgia fight vocal)
• "Solidarity Forever"
• William Weston Patton
• "Dixie", the Confederate equivalent.

References [edit]

1. ^ Stauffer, John; Soskis, Benjamin (2013). The Battle Hymn of the Republic: A Biography of the Song That Marches On. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780199339587.
2. ^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, p. xviii.
3. ^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, pp. 26–27.
4. ^ ^{a b} Kimball 1890, p. 372.
5. ^ Kimball 1890, pp. 373–4.
6. ^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1917), The sometime Showtime Massachusetts coast arms in war and peace (Google Books), Boston: Pilgrim Press, pp. 105–6
7. ^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1920), The 55th artillery (CAC) in the American expeditionary forces, French republic, 1918 (Google Books), Worcester, MA: Commonwealth Printing, pp. 261ff
8. ^ Williams, Gary. Hungry Eye: The Literary Emergence of Julia Ward Howe. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Printing, 1999: 208. ISBN ane-55849-157-0
9. ^ Julia Ward Howe, 1819–1910, vol. I, U Ppenn, June 1, 1912, retrieved July 2, 2010 . See also footnote in To-Day, 1885 (v.3, Feb), p.88
10. ^ Howe, Julia Ward. Reminiscences: 1819–1899. Houghton, Mifflin: New York, 1899. p. 275.
11. ^ Hall, Roger L. New England Songster. PineTree Press, 1997.
12. ^ Reynolds, David Southward. "John Brown Abolitionist: The Man Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil War, and Seeded Civil Rights." Vintage Books, pp. 209–215.
13. ^ Howe, Julia Ward (February 1862). "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". The Atlantic Monthly. 9 (52): 10. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
14. ^ Stossel, Sage (September 2001). "The Battle Hymn of the Democracy". The Atlantic Monthly . Retrieved April 26, 2015.
15. ^ Howe, Julia Ward. Battle hymn of the democracy, Washington, D.C:Supervisory Commission for Recruiting Colored Regiments [n.d] "Boxing hymn of the Commonwealth. By Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. Published by the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments". Library of Congress . Retrieved June 30, 2020.
16. ^ "LDS Hymns #60". Hymns. Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter Solar day Saints. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
17. ^ 1862 sheet music https://world wide web.loc.gov/resource/ihas.200000858.0/?sp=1
18. ^ "Boxing Hymn of the Republic (original version)". American music preservation. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
19. ^ Sanders, Coyne Steven (1990). Rainbow's End: The Judy Garland Show. Zebra Books. ISBN 0-8217-3708-2 (paperback ed).
20. ^ Williams, Andy, Battle Hymn of the Democracy (chart positions), Music VF, retrieved June sixteen, 2013
21. ^ julius923 (September 13, 2009). "Battle Hymn of the Democracy – London 2001". Archived from the original on November two, 2021 – via YouTube.
22. ^ "Top native leads choir opening DNC". Retrieved Jan 19, 2017.
23. ^ "Ceremonious State of war Music: The Boxing Hymn of the Republic". Civilwar.org. October 17, 1910. Archived from the original on Baronial 16, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
24. ^ "Video: Presiding Bishop-elect Michael Back-scratch preaches at General Convention Endmost Eucharist". July three, 2015.
25. ^ DeMott, Robert (1992). Robert DeMott'due south Introduction to The Grapes of Wrath . USA: Viking Penguin. p. xviii. ISBN0-14-018640-nine.
26. ^ "Terrible Swift Sword: The Boxing of Gettysburg – Board Game". BoardGameGeek. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
27. ^ "You lot Want Information technology Darker" Columbia Records, released Oct. 21, 2016
28. ^ "New Yorker". The New Yorker. {{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
29. ^ Cloake, Martin (December 12, 2012). "The Glory Glory Nights: The Official Story of Tottenham Hotspur in Europe".
30. ^ "Hector Nicol with the Kelvin State Dance band – Glory Celebrity To The Hullo-Bees (Hibernian Supporters Song) (Vinyl, 7", 45 RPM, Single) – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
31. ^ "Hector Nicol – Discography & Songs – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
32. ^ Walls, "Marching Song", Arkansas Historical Quarterly (Wintertime 2007), 401–402.
33. ^ Dirda, Michael (November six, 1988). "Where the Sidewalk Begins". The Washington Postal service. p. 16.
34. ^ "Gloryland 1994 Earth Loving cup Song". YouTube. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
35. ^ "Rabbitohs Society Song". Due south Sydney Rabbitohs.
36. ^ "Informationen zum Thema Shamrocks Rugby Will Canton Rugby Chicago Rugby Manhattan Rugby". shamrockrfc.com. ^{[ dead link ]}
37. ^ "Gloria doesn't mind 'labandera' tag". Philstar.com. Philstar Global Corp. May 5, 2001. Retrieved September xviii, 2020.
38. ^ Vanzi, Sol Jose. "PHNE: Business organisation and Economy". www.newsflash.org. Retrieved July four, 2020.
39. ^ Steffe, William (1862). "Solidarity Forever: Tune – 'Boxing Hymn of the Republic'". Musica internet. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
40. ^ Uppo-Nalle (1991), Suomen kansallisfilmografia (2004), on ELONET, National Audiovisual Archive and the Finnish Board of Film Classification, "Archived re-create". Archived from the original on September xiv, 2014. Retrieved September fourteen, 2014. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
41. ^ "Varski Varjola – Suomi tekee kohta maalin (2011)". March 14, 2011. Archived from the original on Nov 2, 2021 – via YouTube.
42. ^ Little Peter rabbit song (PDF), United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland: Book trust, archived from the original (PDF) on November 2, 2013
43. ^ "Céline Dion chante noël". www.celinedion.com. Retrieved Nov 24, 2020.
44. ^ "Principia Discordia – Page 11". Principia Discordia.
45. ^ "Aarni – The Battle Hymn Of Eristocracy". Oct 23, 2011. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021 – via YouTube.
46. ^ "Oil Thigh". Queen's online encyclopedia. Queen'due south Webmaster. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
47. ^ "Works with Orchestra". Retrieved December 14, 2016.

Sources [edit]

• Kimball, George (1890), "Origin of the John Brown Song", The New England Magazine, new, Cornell University, 1 .

Farther reading [edit]

• Claghorn, Charles Eugene, "Battle Hymn: The Story Behind The Boxing Hymn of the Republic". Papers of the Hymn Society of America, XXIX.
• Clifford, Deborah Pickman. 'Mine Eyes Take Seen the Celebrity: A Biography of Julia Ward Howe. Boston: Petty, Brown and Co., 1978. ISBN 0316147478
• Collins, Ace. Songs Sung, Blood-red, White, and Blue: The Stories Behind America's Best-Loved Patriotic Songs. HarperResource, 2003. ISBN 0060513047
• Hall, Florence Howe. The story of the Battle hymn of the democracy (Harper, 1916) online
• Hall, Roger Lee. Glory, Hallelujah: Civil War Songs and Hymns, Stoughton: PineTree Printing, 2012.
• Jackson, Popular Songs of Nineteenth-Century America, note on "Battle Hymn of the Republic", pp. 263–64.
• McWhirter, Christian. Battle Hymns: The Ability and Popularity of Music in the Civil War. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2012. ISBN 1469613670
• Scholes, Percy A. "John Chocolate-brown's Body", The Oxford Companion of Music. Ninth edition. London: Oxford University Press, 1955.
• Snyder, Edward D. "The Biblical Groundwork of the 'Boxing Hymn of the Republic,'" New England Quarterly (1951) 24#two, pp. 231–238 in JSTOR
• Stauffer, John, and Benjamin Soskis, eds. The Battle Hymn of the Republic: A Biography of the Song That Marches On (Oxford University Printing; 2013) ISBN 978-0-xix-933958-7. 380 pages; Traces the history of the tune and lyrics & shows how the hymn has been used on afterward occasions
• Stutler, Boyd B. Glory, Glory, Hallelujah! The Story of "John Dark-brown's Body" and "Battle Hymn of the Republic." Cincinnati: The C. J. Krehbiel Co., 1960. OCLC 3360355
• Vowell, Sarah. "John Brown's Body," in The Rose and the Briar: Death, Love and Freedom in the American Ballad. Ed. by Sean Wilentz and Greil Marcus. New York: W. W. Norton, 2005. ISBN 0393059545

External links [edit]

Sheet music [edit]

• Free sheet music of The Battle Hymn of the Democracy from Cantorion.org
• 1917 Sheet Music at Duke University equally office of the American Memory collection of the Library of Congress
• The Battle Hymn of the Republic. Facsimile of starting time typhoon

Audio [edit]

• "The Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth", Stevenson & Stanley (Edison Amberol 79, 1908)—Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project.
• MIDI for The Battle Hymn of the Republic from Projection Gutenberg
• The Battle Hymn of the Republic sung at Washington National Cathedral, mourning the September 11, 2001 attacks.
• The brusque picture show A NATION SINGS (1963) is available for free download at the Internet Archive.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic

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